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The deployment of cellular spectrum in licensed, shared and unlicensedspectrum demands wideband sensing over non-contiguous sub-6 GHz spectrum. Toimprove the spectrum and energy efficiency, beamforming and massivemulti-antenna systems are being explored which demand spatial sensing i.e.blind identification of vacant frequency bands and direction-of-arrival (DoA)of the occupied bands. We propose a reconfigurable architecture to performspatial sensing of multi-band spectrum digitized via wideband radio front-endcomprising of the sparse antenna array (SAA) and Sub-Nyquist Sampling (SNS).The proposed architecture comprises SAA pre-processing and algorithms toperform spatial sensing directly on SNS samples. The proposed architecture isrealized on Zynq System on Chip (SoC), consisting of the ARM processor andFPGA, via hardware-software co-design (HSCD). Using the dynamic partialreconfiguration (DPR), on-the-fly switching between algorithms depending on thenumber of active signals in the sensed spectrum is enabled. The functionality,resource utilization, and execution time of the proposed architecture areanalyzed for various HSCD configurations, word-length, number of digitizedsamples, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and antenna array (sparse/non-sparse).

Reconfigurable Architecture for Spatial Sensing in Wideband Radio Front-End