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Many ionic surfactants with wide applications in personal-care and house-holddetergency show limited water solubility at lower temperatures (Krafft point).This drawback can be overcome by using mixed solutions, where the ionicsurfactant is incorporated in mixed micelles with another surfactant, which issoluble at lower temperatures. The solubility and electrolytic conductivity fora binary surfactant mixture of anionic methyl ester sulfonates (MES) withnonionic alkyl polyglucoside and alkyl polyoxyethylene ether at 5 deg C duringlong-term storage were measured. Phase diagrams were established; a generaltheoretical model for their explanation was developed and checkedexperimentally. The binary and ternary phase diagrams for studied surfactantmixtures include phase domains: mixed micelles; micelles and crystallites;crystallites, and molecular solution. The proposed general methodology, whichutilizes the equations of molecular thermodynamics at minimum number ofexperimental measurements, is convenient for construction of such phasediagrams. The results could increase the range of applicability ofMES-surfactants with relatively high Krafft temperature, but with varioususeful properties such as excellent biodegradability and skin compatibility;stability in hard water; good wetting and cleaning performance.

Solubility of ionic surfactants below their Krafft point in mixed  micellar solutions: Phase diagrams for methyl ester sulfonates and nonionic  cosurfactants