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Environmental heterogeneity is a determining factor of the structure ofbiological communities. Thus, understanding the distribution of species alongenvironmental gradients provides assistance to conservation. The goal of thisstudy was to determine the distribution pattern of the herbaceous community inthree areas of the Southern Amazon. Sampling was conducted in three modulestotaling 39 permanent plots according to the protocol of collection of theProgram for Research in Biodiversity. All herbaceous and ground hemiepiphytesubjects above 5 cm were recorded. Multivariate analyses were used to summarizethe species composition, multiple regression models were used to determine ifenvironmental variables and disturbance caused by logging influenced thecomposition of the herbaceous community. We recorded 7.965 individualsrepresenting 70 species. The distance of the watercourse was the main factorassociated with the distribution of the species, interactions between variablesshowed that canopy openness and sand content also influence the speciescomposition, and there was no effect on the number of trees cut. Speciesrichness increased in areas where canopy cover was higher and it decreases asit becomes more distant from the watercourse. The occurrences of preferredhabitats for some species have, in addition to an ecological interest, apractical significance for the conservation and management of these species.Currently, the area of preservation of streams provided by the Forest Code ineffect is 30 m for rivers up to 10 m wide. However, this study shows that therange of protection should be extended to at least 100 m wide.

Distribuicao e diversidade de herbaceas de sub-bosque em uma floresta de terra firme da amazonia meridional