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We realize and investigate a nonlinear metasurface taking advantage ofintersubband transitions in ultranarrow GaN/AlN multi-quantum wellheterostructures. Owing to huge band offsets, the structures offer resonanttransitions in the telecom window around 1.55 $\mu$m. These heterostructuresare functionalized with an array of plasmonic antennas featuringcross-polarized resonances at these near-infrared wavelengths and their secondharmonic. This kind of nonlinear metasurface allows for substantialsecond-harmonic generation at normal incidence which is completely absent foran antenna array without the multi-quantum well structure underneath. While thesecond harmonic is originally radiated only into the plane of the quantumwells, a proper geometrical arrangement of the plasmonic elements permits toredirect the second-harmonic light to free-space radiation, which is emittedperpendicular to the surface.

A nonlinear metasurface combining telecom-range intersubband transitions in GaN/AlN quantum wells with resonant plasmonic antenna arrays