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We explore strain-modulated helimagnetism in highly crystalline MnP nanorodfilms grown on Si(100) substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. The strainedMnP film exhibits a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic (PM-FM) phase transition atTC ~ 279 K, and the FM to helical phase transition at TN ~ 110 K. The value ofTN is greater than TN ~ 47 K for the MnP single crystal, indicating strongstrain-modulated helimagnetic states in the MnP nanorod film. The presence ofsignificant thermal hysteresis in the helical phase indicates coexistence ofcompeting magnetic interactions, leading to the first-order metamagnetictransition. Similar to its single crystal counterpart, an anisotropic magneticeffect is observed in the MnP film, which is independently confirmed bymagnetic hysteresis loop and radio-frequency transverse susceptibility (TS)measurements. The evolution of screw (SCR) to CONE and FAN phase is preciselytracked from magnetization versus magnetic field/temperature measurements. Thetemperature dependence of the anisotropy fields, extracted from the TS spectra,yields further insight into the competing nature of the magnetic phases.Unfolding of the different helical phases at T < 120 K (~TN) is analyzed by thetemperature- and field-dependent magnetic entropy change. Based on thesefindings, the comprehensive magnetic phase diagrams of the MnP nanorod film areconstructed for the first time for both the in-plane and out-of-plane magneticfield directions, revealing emergent strain/dimensionality-driven helicalmagnetic features that are absent in the magnetic phase diagram of the MnPsingle crystal.

Strain-modulated helimagnetism and emergent magnetic phase diagrams in highly crystalline MnP nanorod films