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Search engines could consistently favor certain values over the others, whichis considered as biased due to the built-in infrastructures. Many studies havebeen dedicated to detect, control, and mitigate the impacts of the biases fromthe perspectives of search engines themselves. In our study, we take theperspective from end-users to analyze their perceptions of search engine biasesand their satisfaction when the biases are regulated. In the study, we paired areal search page from search engine Bing with a synthesized page that has morediversities in the results (i.e. less biased). Both pages show the top-10search items given search queries and we asked participants which one do theyprefer and why do they prefer the one selected. Statistical analyses revealedthat overall, participants prefer the original Bing pages and the locationswhere the diversities are introduced are also associated with users'preferences. We found out that users prefer results that are more consistentand relevant to the search queries. Introducing diversities undermines therelevance of the search results and impairs users' satisfaction to some degree.Additionally, we confirmed that users tend to pay more attention to the topportion of the results than the bottom ones.

Users' Perception of Search Engine Biases and Satisfaction