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LoRaWAN is a prominent communication standard to enable reliable low-power,long-range communications for the Internet of Things (IoT). The modulationtechnique used in LoRaWAN, commonly known as LoRa modulation, is based on theprinciple of chirp spread spectrum (CSS). While extensive research has beenconducted on improving various aspects of LoRa transmitter, the design of LoRareceivers that can operate under practical conditions of timing and frequencyoffsets is missing. To fill this gap, this paper develops and presents detaileddesigns of timing, frequency and phase synchronization circuits for bothnon-coherent and coherent detection of CSS signals. More importantly, theproposed receiver can be used to detect the recently proposed CSS-basedmodulation that embeds extra information bits in the starting phases ofconventional CSS symbols. Such a transmission scheme, referred to asphase-shift keying CSS (PSK-CSS) helps to improve the transmission rates of theconventional CSS system. In particular, it is shown that the bit error rateperformance of the PSK-CSS scheme achieved with the proposed practical coherentreceiver has only 0.25 dB gaps as compared to the ideal co-coherent receiver.

Design of Non-Coherent and Coherent Receivers for Chirp Spread Spectrum Systems