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Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are important devices for protection,monitoring, and control of modern power systems. Unlike the supervisory controland data acquisition (SCADA) system which only measure the magnitude, PMUs canprovide a set of synchronized phasor measurements with high sampling rate withthe accuracy of less than one second, for better system monitoring especiallyduring the outages. Since the PMUs are costly devices, system operator is notable to install a PMU at each bus to maximize the observability of system. Tothis end, determination of the number of PMUs in the system for having a 100%observability is pivotal. In this paper, honey bee mating optimization (HBMO)approach is utilized to allocate PMUs in modern power systems. Moreover, theimpact of line outages, as well as measurement loses, are considered. Thesimulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method on solving thePMU placement problem.

Optimal Phasor Measurement Unit Placement Using a Honey Bee Mating Optimization (HBMO) Technique Considering Measurement Loss and Line Outages