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As the COVID-19 virus spread over the world, governments restricted mobilityto slow transmission. Public health measures had different intensities acrossEuropean countries but all had significant impact on peoples daily lives andeconomic activities, causing a drop of CO2 emissions of about 10% for the wholeyear 2020. Here, we analyze changes in natural gas use in the industry andbuilt environment sectors during the first half of year 2020 with daily gasflows data from pipeline and storage facilities in Europe. We find thatreductions of industrial gas use reflect decreases in industrial productionacross most countries. Surprisingly, natural gas use in buildings alsodecreased despite most people being confined at home and cold spells in March2020. Those reductions that we attribute to the impacts of COVID-19 remain ofcomparable magnitude to previous variations induced by cold or warm climateanomalies in the cold season. We conclude that climate variations played alarger role than COVID-19 induced stay-home orders in natural gas consumptionacross Europe.

Impact of lockdowns and winter temperatures on natural gas consumption in Europe