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Effects of graphene oxide nanomaterials addition and oxidation level onignition delay and burning rate of ethanol droplets are experimentallyinvestigated. Three graphene oxide samples are synthesized and characterized.Separate high-speed OH* chemiluminescence and high-speed shadowgraphy imagesare collected. The results suggest that increasing the loading concentrationfrom 0 to 0.1% generally increases the ignition delay, except for ethanol dopedwith the highly oxidized graphene. The probability density function of theatomized baby droplet diameter, initial projected velocity, and length of theprojected trajectory are similar for all tested conditions and independent ofthe oxidation level and loading concentration of the additives. The jointprobability density function calculated for the atomization-related parametersagainst one another suggests that the majority of the baby droplets feature arelatively short lifetime, indicating they may potentially burn inside theflame envelope. Using droplet surface regression curves versus time, theburning rate for periods in which the atomization does not occur, and for theperiods that the atomization is present are estimated. The former burning rateis shown to enhance by increasing the loading concentration and reducing theoxidation level of graphene. However, it is found that a maximum increase inthe latter burning rate for both loading concentrations occurs for ethanoldoped with the graphene oxide that features maximum amount of infraredradiation absorption. It is shown that relatively intense atomizationsuppresses the mass loss. Doping ethanol with graphene oxide and increasing theloading concentration from 0.01 to 0.1% enhances the overall burning rate, witha maximum enhancement of 8.4% pertaining to addition of reduced oxidizedgraphene oxide and for the loading concentration of 0.1%.

Graphene oxide doped ethanol droplet combustion: Ignition delay and contribution of atomization to burning rate