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In March 2020, the UK and Scottish Governments imposed a lockdown restrictingeveryday life activities to only the most essential. These Governmentalmeasures together with individual choices to refrain from travelling during theCOVID-19 pandemic have had a profound effect on transport related activity. Inthe current investigation an online questionnaire was distributed to 994Scottish residents in order to identify travel habits, attitudes andpreferences during the different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak andanticipated travel habits after the pandemic. Quota constraints were enforcedfor age, gender and household income to ensure the sample was representative ofthe Scottish population as a whole. Perceptions of risk, trust in informationsources and compliance with COVID-19 regulations were determined together withchanges in levels of life satisfaction and modal choice following the onset ofCOVID-19. In addition, survey responses were used to identify anticipatedtravel mode use in the future. Consideration was also given to the effects ofCOVID-19 on transport related lifestyle issues such as working from home,online shopping and the expectations of moving residences in the future. Aspart of the analysis, statistical models were developed to provide an insightinto both the relationships between the levels of non compliance with COVID-19regulations and demographic variables and the respondent attributes which mightaffect future public transport usage. In general, the study confirmedsignificant reductions in traffic activity, among respondents during theCOVID-19 pandemic associated with walking, driving a car and either using a busor train. The respondents also indicated that they anticipated they wouldcontinue to make less use of buses and trains at the end of the pandemic.

Impact of COVID-19 on travel behaviour, transport, lifestyles and location choices in Scotland