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With emerging non-volatile memories entering the mainstream market, severaloperating systems start to incorporate new changes and optimizations. One majorOS support is the direct-access for files, which enables efficient access forfiles hosted in byte-addressable NVM systems. With DAX-enabled filesystems,files can be accessed directly similar to memory with typical load/storeoperations. Despite its efficiency, the frequently used system call of directaccess is troublesome for system auditing. File system auditing is mandatoryand widely used because auditing logs can help detect anomalies, suspiciousfile accesses, or be used as an evidence in digital forensics. However, thefrequent and long-time usage of direct access call blinds the operating systemor file system from tracking process operations to shared files after theinitial page faults. This might results in imprecise casualty analysis andleads to false conclusion for attack detection. To remedy the tension betweenenabling fine-grained file system auditing and leveraging the performance ofNVM-hosted file systems, we propose a novel hardware-assisted auditing scheme,FOX. FOX enables file system auditing through lightweight hardware-softwarechanges which can monitor every read or write event for mapped files on NVM.Additionally, we propose the optimized schemes, that enable auditingflexibility for selected files/memory range. By prototyping FOX on a fullsystem simulator, Gem5, we observe a relatively small reduced throughput and anacceptable extra writes compared to our baseline. Compared to otherinstrumentation-based software schemes, our scheme is low-overhead and secure.

FOX: Hardware-Assisted File Auditing for Direct Access NVM-Hosted Filesystems