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To investigate the structural changes upon thermal treatment of resorcinolformaldehyde latex (RFL) interfacial layer in rubber-cord flexible composite, amultiscale approach has been employed. High-resolution AFM mapping showed asignificant increase of the modulus of the RF phase from 1.2 GPa to 2.3 GPa andlatex phase (L) from 0.3 GPa to 0.8 GPa after a thermal exposure at 100{\deg}Cfor 10 days. The increase of the RF and L phases elastic modulus was correlatedwith the increase of the oxygen content in RFL layer based on the measurementsby SEM-EDX. Besides by combining finite element simulations and AFM modulusprofiling, the presence of an interphase region (over 280 nm) between the RFLand the rubber regions was identified and was not deteriorated by the thermaltreatment. Peel adhesion testing revealed that the increase of RF and L phasesrigidity after thermal treatment was detrimental for the interfacial adhesionof the rubber composite.

Multiscale characterization of interfacial region in flexible rubber composites: initial structure and evolution upon thermal treatment