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Strongly interacting fermionic atoms are shown to develop $\eta$-pairingsuperfluid correlations in a nonequilibrium steady state in the presence ofspontaneous emission of light from atoms. On the basis of the Hubbard modelsubject to spontaneous decay between internal spin states, we show thatprohibition of radiative decay due to the Pauli exclusion principle anddestructive interference between doublon-decay processes lead to nonequilibrium$\eta$ pairing. Because of the non-thermal nature of the steady state, paircorrelations arise even from a completely uncorrelated infinite-temperatureinitial state, allowing coherent atom pairs to be formed at high temperatures.Experimental implementation with fermionic atoms in an optical lattice isdiscussed.

$\eta$ Pairing of Light-Emitting Fermions: Nonequilibrium Pairing Mechanism at High Temperatures