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Depleting lake ice is a climate change indicator, just like sea-level rise orglacial retreat. Monitoring Lake Ice Phenology (LIP) is useful becauselong-term freezing and thawing patterns serve as sentinels to understandregional and global climate change. We report a study for the Oberengadinregion of Switzerland, where several small- and medium-sized mountain lakes arelocated. We observe the LIP events, such as freeze-up, break-up and ice coverduration, across two decades (2000-2020) from optical satellite images. Weanalyse the time series of MODIS imagery by estimating spatially resolved mapsof lake ice for these Alpine lakes with supervised machine learning. To trainthe classifier we rely on reference data annotated manually based on webcamimages. From the ice maps, we derive long-term LIP trends. Since the webcamdata are only available for two winters, we cross-check our results against theoperational MODIS and VIIRS snow products. We find a change in complete freezeduration of -0.76 and -0.89 days per annum for lakes Sils and Silvaplana,respectively. Furthermore, we observe plausible correlations of the LIP trendswith climate data measured at nearby meteorological stations. We notice thatmean winter air temperature has a negative correlation with the freeze durationand break-up events and a positive correlation with the freeze-up events.Additionally, we observe a strong negative correlation of sunshine during thewinter months with the freeze duration and break-up events.

Recent Ice Trends in Swiss Mountain Lakes: 20-year Analysis of MODIS Imagery