English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Preferential attachment, homophily and, their consequences such as the glassceiling effect have been well-studied in the context of undirected networks.However, the lack of an intuitive, theoretically tractable model of a directed,bi-populated~(i.e.,~containing two groups) network with variable levels ofpreferential attachment, homophily and growth dynamics~(e.g.,~the rate at whichnew nodes join, whether the new nodes mostly follow existing nodes or theexisting nodes follow them, etc.) has largely prevented such consequences frombeing explored in the context of directed networks, where they more naturallyoccur due to the asymmetry of links. To this end, we present a rigoroustheoretical analysis of the \emph{Directed Mixed Preferential Attachment} modeland, use it to analyze the glass ceiling effect in directed networks. Morespecifically, we derive the closed-form expressions for the power-law exponentsof the in- and out- degree distributions of each group~(minority and majority)and, compare them with each other to obtain insights. In particular, ourresults yield answers to questions such as: \emph{when does the minority grouphave a heavier out-degree (or in-degree) distribution compared to the majoritygroup? what effect does frequent addition of edges between existing nodes haveon the in- and out- degree distributions of the majority and minority groups?}.Such insights shed light on the interplay between the structure~(i.e., the in-and out- degree distributions of the two groups) and dynamics~(characterizedcollectively by the homophily, preferential attachment, group sizes and growthdynamics) of various real-world networks. Finally, we utilize the obtainedanalytical results to characterize the conditions under which the glass ceilingeffect emerge in a directed network. Our analytical results are supported bydetailed numerical results.

A Directed, Bi-Populated Preferential Attachment Model with Applications to Analyzing the Glass Ceiling Effect