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Sleep disorders can be a negative factor both for learning as for the mentaland physical development of adolescents. It has been shown that, in manypopulations, adolescents tend to have a poor sleep quality, and a very latechronotype. Furthermore, these features peak at adolescence, in the sense thatadults tend to sleep better and have an earlier chronotype. But what happenswhen we consider adolescents in a population where already adults have poorsleep quality and a very late chronotype? We have conducted two non-clinicalstudies in the city of Bariloche, Argentina aimed at measuring sleep quality,chronotype, and social jet lag, using the Pittsburgh and Munich questionnaires.These were administered individually to groups of high school students, as wellas to smaller samples of adults and preadolescents, in order to studydifferences between adolescents and these groups. The results show that in thispopulation sleep quality is much poorer than in most other healthy populationsrecorded elsewhere. Furthermore, sleep quality is consistently worse foradolescents than for the other groups. The difference with adults seems to bedue mainly to increased daytime sleepiness and sleep latency, whereas thedifference with preadolescents seems to be due mainly to shorter sleepduration. We also found that the chronotypes of all the groups are very late,with a peak at an age between 18 and 24 ys. Social jet lag and sleep onsetlatency are also large, and they peak at adolescence, which suggests that theymight be closely related to the large prevalence of poor sleep quality that wefind in adolescents.

Sleep quality, chronotype and social jet lag of adolescents from a population with a very late chronotype