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An urgent demand of deploying BFT consensus over the Internet is raised forimplementing blockchain services. The deterministic (partial) synchronousprotocols can be simple and fast in good network conditions, but are subject todenial-of-service when synchrony assumption fails. Asynchronous protocols, onthe contrary, are robust against the adversarial network, but are substantiallymore complicated and slower for the inherent use of randomness.  Facing the issues, optimistic asynchronous atomic broadcast ( Kursawe-Shoup,2002; Ramasamy-Cachin, 2005) was proposed to improve the normal-caseperformance of the slow asynchronous consensus. They run a deterministicfastlane if the network condition remains good, and can fall back to a fullyasynchronous protocol via a pace-synchronization mechanism if the fastlanefails. Unfortunately, existing pace-synchronization directly uses a heavy toolof asynchronous multi-valued validated Byzantine agreement (MVBA).  We present Bolt-Dumbo Transformer (BDT), a generic framework for practicaloptimistic asynchronous atomic broadcast. At the core of BDT, we set forth anew fastlane abstraction that is simple and fast, while preparing honestparties to gracefully face potential fastlane failures caused by maliciousleader or bad network. This enables a highly efficient pace-synchronization tohandle fallback. The resulting design reduces a cumbersome MVBA to a variant ofthe conceptually simplest binary agreement only. Besides detailed securityanalyses, we also give concrete instantiations of our framework and implementthem. Extensive experiments demonstrate that BDT can enjoy both the low latencyof deterministic protocols (e.g. 2-chain version of HotStuff) and therobustness of state-of-the-art asynchronous protocols in practice.

Bolt-Dumbo Transformer: Asynchronous Consensus As Fast As the Pipelined BFT