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Emergent metastability in non-equilibrium systems is a subject that toucheseverything from the origins of life to the quantum nature of the universe. Incondensed quantum matter, a good topical example is the metastability oftopologically inhibited self-organization of electronic domains in a correlatedelectronic crystal in the aftermath of a symmetry-breaking phase transition.Understanding the dynamics of such systems is crucial for developing newquantum technologies and exploring fundamental aspects of many-bodynon-equilibrium quantum mechanics. Here, a non-equilibrium state is set up bycarrier injection in the quantum material (M), resulting in a domain structure,whose time-evolution is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy.Demonstrating a new approach to modelling of emergent non-equilibrium quantumbehavior, we use an array of 2008 qubits in a programmable noisysuperconducting quantum simulator (NSQS) without error correction (P), in whichmutual qubit interconnections correspond directly to the electronicinteractions on the triangular lattice of the electronic crystal material. Thesuccess of the simulations critically depends on both the faithfulness of themodel correspondence between the two systems and careful management of thedecoherence pathways. Importantly, decoherence of both P and M is driven bynoise with a characteristic 1/{\nu} frequency spectrum. The simulations revealhow an emergent false vacuum state arises, describing the time evolution andtemperature dependence of the observed electronic domain dynamics of M solelyon the basis of microscopic electronic interactions. The parallel experimentsdemonstrate the potential of NSQSs for studying emergent non-equilibriumdynamics in complex many-body quantum systems.

Emergent false vacuum decay processes in a two-dimensional electronic  crystal: experiment vs. simulations on a noisy superconducting quantum  processor