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The conventional classification of electrolyte solutions as 'strong' or'weak' accounts for their charge transport properties, but neglects their masstransport properties, and is not readily applicable to highly concentratedsolutions. Here, we use the Onsager transport formalism in combination withlinear response theory to attain a more general classification taking intoaccount both charge and mass transport properties. To this end, we define amolar mass transport coefficient {\Lambda}_mass, which is related toequilibrium center-of-mass fluctuations of the mobile ions and which is themass-transport analogue of the molar ionic conductivity {\Lambda}_charge. Threeclasses of electrolyte solution are then distinguished: (i) 'Strong'electrolytes with 4{\Lambda}_mass \approx {\Lambda}_charge; (ii) 'weak chargetransport electrolytes' with {\Lambda}_charge << 4{\Lambda}_mass; and (iii)'weak mass transport electrolytes' with 4{\Lambda}_mass << {\Lambda}_charge.While classes (i) and (ii) encompass the classical 'strong' and 'weak'electrolytes, respectively, many highly concentrated electrolytes fall intoclass (iii) and thus exhibit transport properties clearly distinct fromclassical 'strong' and 'weak' electrolytes.

A General Classification of Electrolyte Solutions Based on Their Charge and Mass Transport Properties