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Nowadays the world is facing a prominent paradox regarding thermal energy.The production of heat accounts for more than 50% of global final energyconsumption while the waste heat potential analysis reveals that 72% of theglobal primary energy consumption is lost after conversion mainly in the formof heat. Towards global decarbonization, it is of vital importance to establisha solution to thermal energy utilization under full control. Here, we proposeand realize an unprecedented concept -- barocaloric thermal batteries based onthe inverse colossal barocaloric effect of NH4SCN. Thermal charging isinitialized upon pressurization through an order-to-disorder phase transitionbelow 364 K and in turn the discharging of 43 J g-1, which are eleven timesmore than the input mechanical energy, occurs on demand at depressurization atlower temperatures. The discharging is also manifested as a directly measuredtemperature rise of 12 K. The thermodynamic equilibrium nature of thepressure-restrained heat-carrying phase guarantees stable storage and/ortransport over a variety of temporal and/or spatial scales. The barocaloricthermal batteries reinforced by their solid microscopic mechanism are expectedto significantly advance the ability to take advantage of waste heat.

Barocaloric thermal batteries