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This draft addresses issues of detecting stealthy integrity cyber-attacks onautomatic control systems in the unified control and detection framework. Ageneral form of integrity cyber-attacks that cannot be detected using thewell-established observer-based technique is first introduced as kernelattacks. The well-known replay, zero dynamics and covert attacks are specialforms of the kernel attacks. Existence conditions for the kernel attacks arepresented. It is demonstrated, in the unified framework of control anddetection, that all kernel attacks can be structurally detected when not onlythe observer-based residual, but also the control signal based residual signalsare generated and used for the detection purpose. Based on the analyticalresults, two schemes for detecting the kernel attacks are then proposed, whichallow reliable attack detection without loss of control performance. While thefirst scheme is similar to the well-established moving target method andauxiliary system aided detection scheme, the second detector is realised withencrypted transmissions of control and monitoring signals in the feedbackcontrol system that prevents adversary to gain system knowledge by means ofeavesdropping attacks. Both schemes are illustrated by examples of detectingreplay, zero dynamics and covert attacks and an experimental study on athree-tank control system.

Application of the unified control and detection framework to detecting stealthy integrity cyber-attacks on feedback control systems