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Background: Structural Variations, SVs, in a genome can be linked to adisease or characteristic phenotype. The variations come in many types and itis a challenge, not only determining the variations accurately, but alsoconducting the downstream statistical and analytical procedure. Method:Structural variations, SVs, with size 1 base-pair to 1000s of base-pairs withtheir precise breakpoints and single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs, weredetermined for members of a family. The genome was assembled using optimalmetrics of ABySS and SOAPdenovo assembly tools using paired-end DNA sequence.Results: An interesting discovery was the mitochondrial DNA could have paternalleakage of inheritance or that the mutations could be high from maternalinheritance. It is also discovered that the mitochondrial DNA is less prone toSVs re-arrangements than SNPs, which propose better standards for determiningancestry and divergence between races and species over a long-time frame. Sexdetermination of an individual is found to be strongly confirmed using calls ofnucleotide bases of SVs to the Y chromosome, more strongly determined thanSNPs. We note that in general there is a larger variance -and thus the standarddeviation, in the sum of SVs nucleotide compared to sum of SNPs of anindividual when compared to reference sequence, and thus SVs serve as astronger means to characterize an individual for a given trait or phenotype orto determine sex. The SVs and SNPs in HLA loci would also serve as a medicaltransformation method for determining the success of an organ transplant for apatient, and predisposition to diseases apriori.

The unmasking of Mitochondrial Adam and Structural Variants larger than  point mutations as stronger candidates for traits, disease phenotype and sex  determination