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Collisionless shocks generated by two colliding relativisticelectron-positron plasma shells are studied using particle-in-cell (PIC)simulations. Shocks are mediated by the Weibel instability (WI), and thekinetic energy of the fastest accelerated particles is found to beanisotropically modified by WI-induced electric fields. Specifically, we showthat all particles interacting with the shock bifurcate into two groups basedon their final relativistic Lorentz factor $\gamma$: slow ($\gamma <\gamma_{bf}$) and fast ($\gamma > \gamma_{bf}$), where $\gamma_{bf}$ is thebifurcation Lorentz factor that was found to be approximately twice the initial(upstream) Lorentz factor $\gamma_0$. We have found that the energies of theslow particles are equally affected by the longitudinal and transversecomponents of the shock electric field, whereas the fast particles areprimarily accelerated by the transverse field component.

Fermi acceleration in relativistic collisionless plasma shocks correlates with anisotropic energy gains