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The security of electronic devices has become a key requisite for therapidly-expanding pervasive and hyper-connected world. Robust securityprotocols ensuring secure communication, device's resilience to attacks,authentication control and users privacy need to be implemented. Random NumberGenerators (RNGs) are the fundamental primitive in most secure protocols but,often, also the weakest one. Establishing security in billions of devicesrequires high quality random data generated at a sufficiently high throughput.On the other hand, the RNG should exhibit a high integration level with on-chipextraction to remove, in real time, potential imperfections. We present thefirst integrated Quantum RNG (QRNG) in a standard CMOS technology node. TheQRNG is based on a parallel array of independent Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes(SPADs), homogeneously illuminated by a DC-biased LED, and co-integrated logiccircuits for postprocessing. We describe the randomness generation process andwe prove the quantum origin of entropy. We show that co-integration ofcombinational logic, even of high complexity, does not affect the quality ofrandomness. Our CMOS QRNG can reach up to 400 Mbit/s throughput with low powerconsumption. Thanks to the use of standard CMOS technology and a modulararchitecture, our QRNG is suitable for a highly scalable solution.

A High Speed Integrated Quantum Random Number Generator with on-Chip Real-Time Randomness Extraction