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Active Millimeter wave (AMMW) imaging is of interest as it has playedimportant roles in wide variety of applications, from nondestructive test tomedical diagnosis. Current AMMW imaging systems have a high spatial resolutionand can realize three-dimensional (3D) imaging. However, conventional AMMWimaging systems based on the synthetic aperture require either time-consumeacquisition or reconstruction. The AMMW imaging systems based on real-apertureare able to real-time imaging but they need a large aperture and a complextwo-dimensional (2D) scan structure to get 3D images. Besides, most AMMWimaging systems need the targets keep still and hold a special posture whilescreening, limiting the throughput. Here, by using beam control techniques andfast post-processing algorithms, we demonstrate the AMMW 3D scan real-timeimaging mechanism with a line antenna array, which can realize 3D real-timeimaging by a simple one-dimensional (1D) linear moving, simultaneously, with asatisfactory throughput (over 2000 people per-hour, 10 times than thecommercial AMMW imaging systems) and a low system cost. First, the originalspherical beam lines generated by the linear antenna array are modulated to fanbeam lines via a bi-convex cylindrical lens. Then the holographic imagingalgorithm is used to primarily focus the echo data of the imaged object.Finally, the defocus blur is corrected rapidly to get high resolution images bydeconvolution. Since our method does not need targets to keep still, has a lowsystem cost, can achieve 3D real-time imaging with a satisfactory throughputsimultaneously, this work has the potential to serve as a foundation for futureshort-range AMMW imaging systems, which can be used in a variety of fields suchas security inspection, medical diagnosis, etc.

Active millimeter wave three-dimensional scan real-time imaging mechanism with a line antenna array