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Bunch splitting is an RF manipulation method of changing the bunch structure,bunch numbers and bunch intensity in the high-intensity synchrotrons that serveas the injector for a particle collider. An efficient way to realize bunchsplitting is to use the combination of different harmonic RF systems, such asthe two-fold bunch splitting of a bunch with a combination of fundamentalharmonic and doubled harmonic RF systems. The two-fold bunch splitting andthree-fold bunch splitting methods have been experimentally verified andsuccessfully applied to the LHC/PS. In this paper, a generalized multi-foldbunch splitting method is given. The five-fold bunch splitting method usingspecially designed multi-harmonic RF systems was studied and tentativelyapplied to the medium-stage synchrotron (MSS), the third accelerator of theinjector chain of the Super Proton-Proton Collider (SPPC), to mitigate thepileup effects and collective instabilities of a single bunch in the SPPC. Theresults show that the five-fold bunch splitting is feasible and both the bunchpopulation distribution and longitudinal emittance growth after the splittingare acceptable, e.g., a few percent in the population deviation and less than10% in the total emittance growth.

Study on multi-fold bunch splitting in a high-intensity medium-energy proton synchrotron