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It is well known that rapid changes in tropical cyclone motion occur duringinteraction with extratropical waves. While the translation speed has receivedmuch attention in the published literature, acceleration has not. Using a largedata sample of Atlantic tropical cyclones, we formally examine the compositesynoptic-scale patterns associated with tangential and \curvature components oftheir acceleration. During periods of rapid tangential acceleration, thecomposite tropical cyclone moves poleward between an upstream trough anddownstream ridge of a developing extratropical wavepacket. The two systemssubsequently merge in a manner that is consistent with extratropicaltransition. During rapid curvature acceleration, a prominent downstream ridgepromotes recurvature of the tropical cyclone. In contrast, during rapidtangential or curvature deceleration, a ridge is located directly poleward ofthe tropical cyclone. Locally, this arrangement takes the form of acyclone-anticyclone vortex pair somewhat akin to a dipole block. On average,the tangential acceleration peaks 18 hours prior to extratropical transitionwhile the curvature acceleration peaks at recurvature. These findings confirmthat rapid acceleration of tropical cyclones is mediated by interaction withextratropical baroclinic waves. Furthermore, The tails of the distribution ofacceleration and translation speed show a robust reduction over the past 5decades. We speculate that these trends may reflect the poleward shift andweakening of extratropical Rossby waves.

Acceleration of Tropical Cyclones As a Proxy For Extratropical Interactions: Synoptic-Scale Patterns and Long-Term Trends