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In green plants, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b are the predominant pigmentsbound to light-harvesting proteins. While the individual characteristics ofthese chlorophylls are well understood, the advantages of their coexistenceremain unclear. In this study, we establish a method to simulate excitationenergy transfer within the entire photosystem II supercomplex by employingnetwork analysis integrated with quantum dynamic calculations. We theninvestigate the effects of the coexistence of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-bby comparing various chlorophyll compositions. Our results reveal that thenatural chlorophyll composition allows the excited energy to preferentiallyflow through specific domains that act as safety valves, preventing downstreamoverflow. Our findings suggest that the light-harvesting proteins in aphotosystem II supercomplex achieve evolutionary advantages with the naturalchlorophyll-a/b ratio, capturing light energy efficiently and safely acrossvarious light intensities. Using our framework, one can better understand howgreen plants harvest light energy and adapt to changing environmentalconditions.

Network analysis with quantum dynamics clarifies why photosystem II exploits both chlorophyll a and b