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We report herein, the potential of raw pinecone powder (PCP) and pineconebiochar (PCBC) as alternatives to activated carbon used in Permeable AdsorptiveBarriers (PABs) for the in situ remediation of polluted groundwater. Aconstructed lab-scale unconfined aquifer ($38\times30\times17$ $cm$) fittedwith PCP and PCBC PABs ($21\times3\times20$ $cm$), was evaluated for theremoval of $Pb^{2+}$ ions in a continuous flow setup. Results indicate thatafter $3600$ minutes, PCP was able to reduce $Pb^{2+}$ ions from a Co=$50$$mg/L$ to $7.94$ $mg/L$ for the first run and $19.4$ $mg/L$ for a second run,respectively. Comparatively, PCBC reached $6.5$ $mg/L$ for the first run and$8.94$ for the second run. It was confirmed that adsorption was best describedby the first-order kinetic model with $R^2$ values above $0.95$. Maximumadsorption capacity values were found to be $1.00$, $0.63$, $1.08$, and $0.85$mg/g for each scenario respectively. In addition, nonlinear regression modelsof exponential and Gaussian Processes are fit to explain remediation by timefor $Pb^{2+}$ and Methylene Blue. Gaussian Processes are able to better explainthe variation of pollution removal compared to simpler exponential models. Whenregressed against true removal percentages all models are able to provide$R^2>0.99$.

Evaluation of Sustainable Green Materials: Pinecone in Permeable  Adsorptive Barriers for Remediation of Groundwater Contaminated by $Pb^{2+}$  and Methylene Blue