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We assess experimentally the ability of a simple flow-based sorting device,recently proposed numerically by [Zhu et al., Soft Matter, 2014, 10,7705-7711], to separate capsules according to their stiffness. The deviceconsists of a single pillar with a half-cylinder cross-section which partiallyobstructs a flow channel so that initially centred, propagating capsules deformand circumvent the obstacle into an expanding channel (or diffuser). We performexperiments with millimetric capsules of fixed size which indicate that thedeviation of the capsule in the diffuser varies monotonically with a capillarynumber - the ratio of viscous to elastic stresses - where the elastic stressesare measured independently to include the effects of pre-inflation, membranethickness and material properties. We find that soft capsules with resistanceto deformation differing by a factor of 1.5 can be reliably separated in thediffuser but that experimental variability increases significantly with capsulestiffness. We extend the study to populations of microcapsules with sizepolydispersity. We find that the combined effects of increasing capsuledeformability and relative constriction of the device with increasing capsulesize enable the tuning of the imposed flow so that capsules can be separatedbased on their shear modulus but irrespectively of their size.

Sorting of capsules according to their stiffness: from principle to application