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The gold standard of a wireless network is that the throughput increaseslinearly with the density of access points (APs). However, such a linearthroughput gain is suspended in the 5G mmWave network mainly due to the shortcommunication distances in mmWave bands and the dense deployments of mmWaveAPs. As being operated in the interference-limited regime, the aggregateinterference resulted from the increasing mmWave APs will gradually become thenetwork performance bottleneck, which leads to the saturation of thethroughput. In this paper, we propose to overcome the densification plateau ofa mmWave network by employing spatial multiplexing at APs. To study the effectof spatial multiplexing on mmWave networks, we first derive the coverageprobability as a function of spatial multiplexing gain. The fixed-rate codingscheme is then used to provide the network throughput. We also introduce theconcept of densification gain to capture the improvement in network throughputachieved through the AP densification. Our results indicate that without thespatial multiplexing at APs, the throughput of mmWave networks will reach theplateau when the density of APs becomes sufficiently large. By enabling thespatial multiplexing at APs, however, the mmWave network can continuouslyharvest the throughput gains as the number of APs grows. By deriving the upperbound for the throughput of mmWave networks, we quantify the potentialthroughput improvement as the spatial multiplexing gain increases. However, ournumerical results show that such a potential throughput gain cannot be exploredby the fixed-rate coding scheme. We then demonstrate the necessity fordeploying the multi-rate coding scheme in mmWave networks, especially when thespatial multiplexing gain at mmWave APs is large.

Reversing the Curse of Densification in mmWave Networks Through Spatial Multiplexing