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We design the proof of concept for high-resolution (HR) real-time (RT),Geosynchronous and Geostationary (Geo) Polarimetric (Pol) using orbital angularmomentum (OAM) interferometry - radio detection and ranging (RADAR)(HR-RT-GeoPolInt-OAM-RADAR) and multi-chromatic analysis (MCA) extended toTomography (HR-RT-GeoPolInt-OAM-MCA-TomoRADAR). The OAM interferometrycommunication channel is generated by two fixed sources distanced by a givenspatial baseline and used for range-azimuth synthesis. The frequency channel,instead, is used to provide information about the altitude. Finally, theinformation encoded in the polarization of the electromagnetic (EM) waves,which is related to the Spin Angular Momentum (SAM), is used to synthesizefull-Pol RADAR images, with technological redundancy. Here we present thedesign of a planar vortex antenna, tailored for Geo applications, where theimaging system transmits ''ad-hoc`` structured wave packets using anincremental stepped chirp strategy and with single-mode OAM linearlyincremented modulation. We assign the resolutions of each dimension to threebands assumed by the EM wave. The radial and tangential components receivedfrom the HR-RT-GeoPolInt-OAM communication channel backscattered signals areused to focus, through fast-Fourier transform (FFT) techniques, a range-azimuthimage that belongs to a single epoch at a given constant frequency. Each OAMfast-time RADAR image is separated in frequency by using MCA. This procedure isrepeated for all the epochs of the entire stepped-frequency chirp. Once eachtwo-dimensional image is synthesized, they are co-registered, and theHR-RT-GeoPolInt-OAM-MCA-TomoRADAR slices are focused in altitude by using FFTtechniques. Range-azimuth and tomographic resolutions depend on the OAM valueand the stepped frequency chirp bandwidths.

Geostationary Real-Time 3D Polarimetric RADAR Imaging by Orbital Angular Momentum Interferometry and Multi-Chromatic Analysis