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First-order magnetic transitions are of both fundamental and technologicalinterest given that a number of emergent phases and functionalities are therebycreated. Of particular interest are giant magnetocaloric effects, which areattributed to first-order magnetic transitions and have attracted broadattention for solid-state refrigeration applications. While the conventionalwisdom is that atomic lattices play an important role in first-order magnetictransitions, a coherent microscopic description of the lattice and spin degreesof freedom is still lacking. Here, we study the magnetic phase transitiondynamics on the intermetallic LaFe13-xSix, which is one of the most classicalgiant magnetocaloric systems, in both frequency and time domains utilizingneutron scattering and ultrafast X-ray diffraction. We have observed a strongmagnetic diffuse scattering in the paramagnetic state preceding the first-ordermagnetic transition, corresponding to picosecond ferromagnetic fluctuations.Upon photon-excitation, the ferromagnetic state is completely suppressed in 0.9ps and recovered in 20 ps. The ultrafast dynamics suggest that the magneticdegree of freedom dominates this magnetoelastic transition and ferromagneticfluctuations might be universally relevant for this kind of compounds.

Ultrafast ferromagnetic fluctuations preceding magnetoelastic first-order transitions