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As a reaction to the pandemic of the severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a multitude of clinical trials for the treatment ofSARS-CoV-2 or the resulting corona disease (COVID-19) are globally at variousstages from planning to completion. Although some attempts were made tostandardize study designs, this was hindered by the ferocity of the pandemicand the need to set up trials quickly. We take the view that a successfultreatment of COVID-19 patients (i) increases the probability of a recovery orimprovement within a certain time interval, say 28 days; (ii) aims to expeditefavourable events within this time frame; and (iii) does not increase mortalityover this time period. On this background we discuss the choice of endpoint andits analysis. Furthermore, we consider consequences of this choice for otherdesign aspects including sample size and power and provide some guidance on theapplication of adaptive designs in this particular context.

Design aspects of COVID-19 treatment trials: Improving probability and time of favourable events