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This letter proposes an enhanced sufficient battery model (ESBM) as well as abinary search algorithm for a sharp inner-approximation of the aggregateflexibility of thermostatically controlled load (TCL) arrays. Compared with theprevious work on generalized battery models, this ESBM preserves the merits ofbeing sufficient and mitigates the conservativity. Moreover, unlike the workignoring the coupling constraints that may also restrict TCLs' aggregateflexibility, our ESBM can readily handle these constraints. Numerical testsvalidate the merits of using the ESBM and its significance for power systemoperations.

Enhanced Sufficient Battery Model for Aggregate Flexibility of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Considering Coupling Constraints