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The received signal strength (RSS) based technique is extensively utilizedfor localization in the indoor environments. Since the RSS values ofneighboring locations may be similar, the localization accuracy of the RSSbased technique is limited. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we proposeto utilize reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) for the RSS basedmulti-user localization. As the RIS is able to customize the radio channels byadjusting the phase shifts of the signals reflected at the surface, thelocalization accuracy in the RIS aided scheme can be improved by choosing theproper phase shifts with significant differences of RSS values among adjacentlocations. However, it is challenging to select the optimal phase shiftsbecause the decision function for location estimation and the phase shifts arecoupled. To tackle this challenge, we formulate the optimization problem forthe RIS-aided localization, derive the optimal decision function, and designthe phase shift optimization (PSO) algorithm to solve the formulated problemefficiently. Analysis of the proposed RIS aided technique is provided, and theeffectiveness is validated through simulation.

MetaLocalization: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Multi-user Wireless Indoor Localization