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This research paper presents a 2D numerical model of an electrokineticT-junction micromixer based on the stretching and folding theory presented byOttino. Particle deformation was considered by simulating 2 $\mu m$ masslessparticles as 8-point square cells. Furthermore, stretching and foldingdefinitions are proposed, compatible with a Lagrangian particle approach.Moreover, mixing homogeneity and consistency were measured in a 200 $\mu m$square region of interest neighboring the outlet. Statistical analysis of theexiting mixing homogeneity at four different electric field conditions (93.5V/cm, 109.8 V/cm, 126 V/cm and 117.9 V/cm, corresponding to a 23V, 27V, 29V and31V potential difference) show that mixing consistency and homogeneity are notalways increased with a higher electric field intensity, even afterelectrokinetic instabilities are formed, as increasingly unstable flowconditions decrease the ratio of folding to stretching ($m$), hindering theinteraction between substances. Finally, an optimal proportion of stretching tofolding was found for maximizing mixing efficiency at $m =0.0045$.

Characterization of Folding and Stretching in Mixing Enhancements