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X-ray dark-field imaging enables a spatially-resolved visualization ofultra-small-angle X-ray scattering. Using phantom measurements, we demonstratethat a material's effective dark-field signal may be reduced by modification ofthe visibility spectrum by other dark-field-active objects in the beam. This isthe dark-field equivalent of conventional beam-hardening, and is distinct fromrelated, known effects, where the dark-field signal is modified by attenuationor phase shifts. We present a theoretical model for this group of effects andverify it by comparison to the measurements. These findings have significantimplications for the interpretation of dark-field signal strength inpolychromatic measurements.

X-ray dark-field signal reduction due to hardening of the visibility spectrum