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Thermoelectric (TE) air cooling is a solid-state technology that has thepotential to replace conventional vapor compression-based air conditioning. Inthis paper, we present a detailed system-level modeling for thermoelectric airconditioning system with position-dependent (graded) and constant materialproperties. Strategies for design optimization of the system are provided interms of cost-performance trade-off. Realistic convection heat transfer at bothsides of the system are taken into account in our modeling. Effects ofconvection heat transfer coefficients, air flowrate, and thermoelectricmaterial properties are investigated with varying key parameters such as TE legthickness, module fill factor, and input current. Both constant materialproperties and graded properties are considered for the TE materials, and theyare compared in terms of the degree of cooling, coefficient of performance(COP), and power consumption. For graded materials, we employ one-dimensionalfinite element methods to solve the coupled electrical and thermal currentequations with arbitrary profile of material properties varying with positionalong the TE legs. We find that graded materials can enhance the degree ofcooling, but only at the expense of COP, compared to the case of constantproperty materials. With constant material properties of ZT = 1 and relativelylow electric current, the power consumption of TE cooler can be lower thanthose of conventional air conditioners at an equivalent cooling capacity.Considering additional advantages such as demand-flexible operation, low noise,and high scalability, thermoelectric cooling could be a competitive technologyfor future air conditioning applications.

Cost-Performance Trade-off in Thermoelectric Air Conditioning System with Graded and Constant Material Properties