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Digital forensic investigation is used in various areas related to digitaldevices including the cyber crime. This is an investigative process using manytechniques, which have implemented as tools. The types of files covered by thedigital forensic investigation are wide and varied, however, there is no way toexpress the results into a standardized format. The standardization aredifferent by types of device, file system, or application. Different outputsmake it time-consuming and difficult to share information and to implementintegration. In addition, it could weaken cyber security. Thus, it is importantto define normalization and to present data in the same format. In this paper,a 5W1H-based expression for information sharing for effective digital forensicinvestigation is proposed to analyze digital forensic information using sixquestions--what, who, where, when, why and how. Based on the 5W1H-basedexpression, digital information from different types of files is converted andrepresented in the same format of outputs. As the 5W1H is the basic writingprinciple, application of the 5W1H-based expression on the case studies showsthat this expression enhances clarity and correctness for information sharing.Furthermore, in the case of security incidents, this expression has anadvantage in being compatible with STIX.

5W1H-based Expression for the Effective Sharing of Information in Digital Forensic Investigations