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Clinical trials previously demonstrated the notable capacity to elicit visualpercepts in blind patients affected with retinal diseases by electricallystimulating the remaining neurons on the retina. However, these implantsrestored very limited visual acuity and required transcutaneous cablestraversing the eyeball, leading to reduced reliability and complex surgery withhigh postoperative infection risks. To overcome the limitations imposed bycables, a retinal implant architecture in which near-infrared illuminationcarries both power and data through the pupil to a digital stimulationcontroller is presented. A high efficiency multi-junction photovoltaic celltransduces the optical power to a CMOS stimulator capable of deliveringflexible interleaved sequential stimulation through a diamond microelectrodearray. To demonstrate the capacity to elicit a neural response with thisapproach while complying with the optical irradiance limit at the pupil,fluorescence imaging with a calcium indicator is used on a degenerate ratretina. The power delivered by the laser at the permissible irradiance of 4mW/mm2 at 850 nm is shown to be sufficient to both power the stimulator ASICand elicit a response in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), with the ability togenerate of up to 35 000 pulses per second at the average stimulationthreshold. This confirms the feasibility of generating a response in RGCs withan infrared-powered digital architecture capable of delivering complexsequential stimulation patterns at high repetition rates, albeit with somelimitations.

Feasibility Assessment of an Optically Powered Digital Retinal Prosthesis Architecture for Retinal Ganglion Cell Stimulation