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A dramatic reduction in man-made CO2 emissions could be achieved if the costof electricity generated from concentrated solar power (CSP) plants couldbecome competitive with fossil-fuel-derived electricity. The solarheat-to-electricity conversion efficiency of CSP plants may be significantlyincreased (and the associated electricity cost decreased) by operating CSPturbines with inlet temperatures >750 C instead of <550 C, and by using thermalenergy storage (TES) at >750 C to allow for rapidly dispatchable and/orcontinuous electricity production. Unfortunately, earth-abundantMgCl2-KCl-based liquids currently being considered as low-cost media forlarge-scale, high-temperature TES are susceptible to oxidation in air, withassociated undesired changes in liquid composition and enhanced corrosion ofmetal alloys in pipes and tanks containing such liquids. In this paper,alternative high-temperature, earth-abundant molten chlorides that are stablein air are identified via thermodynamic calculations. The oxidation resistance,and corrosion-resistant containment, of such molten chlorides at 750 C are thendemonstrated. Such chemically-robust, low-cost TES media and effectivecontainment provide critical advances towards the higher-temperature operationof, and lower-cost electricity generation from, CSP plants.

Air-stable, earth-abundant molten chlorides and corrosion-resistant  containment for chemically-robust, high-temperature thermal energy storage  for concentrated solar power