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We propose a novel charge sensing concept for high-pressure Time ProjectionChamber (TPC) to search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay (NLDBD) withton-scale isotope mass and beyond. A meter-sized plane, tiled with an array ofCMOS integrated sensors called Topmetal that directly collect charge withoutgas avalanche gain, is to be deployed into a high-pressure gaseous TPC withworking gases containing suitable NLDBD candidate isotopes such as Xe-136 andSe-82. The Topmetal sensor has an electronic noise <30 e- per pixel, whichallows the detector to reach <1% FWHM energy resolution at the NLDBD Q-valuefor both Xe-136 and 82SeF6 gases by measuring ionization charges alone. Theelimination of charge avalanche gain allows the direct sensing of slow-driftingions, which enables the use of highly electronegative gas SeF6 in which freeelectrons do not exist. It supports the swapping of working gases withouthardware modification, which is a unique way to validate signals againstradioactive backgrounds. Since the sensor manufacturing and plane assemblingcould leverage unaltered industrial mass-production processes, stability,uniformity, scalability, and cost-effectiveness that are required for ton-scaleexperiments could all be reached. The strengths of TPC such as 3D ionizationtracking and decay daughter tagging are retained. This development could leadto a competitive NLDBD experiment at and above ton-scale. The conceptualconsiderations, simulations, and initial prototyping are discussed.

Topmetal CMOS direct charge sensing plane for neutrinoless double-beta decay search in high-pressure gaseous TPC