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Reversible data hiding in encrypted domain (RDH-ED) schemes based onsymmetric or public key encryption are mainly applied to the security ofend-to-end communication. Aimed at providing reliable technical supports formulti-party security scenarios, a separable RDH-ED scheme for secret imagesharing based on Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) is presented. In theapplication of (t, n) secret image sharing, the image is first shared into ndifferent shares of ciphertext. Only when not less than t shares obtained, canthe original image be reconstructed. In our scheme, additional data could beembedded into the image shares. To realize data extraction from the imageshares and the reconstructed image separably, two data hiding methods areproposed: one is homomorphic difference expansion in encrypted domain (HDE-ED)that supports data extraction from the reconstructed image by utilizing theaddition homomorphism of CRT secret sharing; the other is difference expansionin image shares (DE-IS) that supports the data extraction from the markedshares before image reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that theproposed scheme could not only maintain the security and the threshold functionof secret sharing system, but also obtain a better reversibility and efficiencycompared with most existing RDH-ED algorithms. The maximum embedding rate ofHDE-ED could reach 0.5000 bits per pixel and the average embedding rate ofDE-IS is 0.0545 bits per bit of ciphertext.

A Reversible Data hiding Scheme in Encrypted Domain for Secret Image Sharing based on Chinese Remainder Theorem