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Convergence of multiple access technologies is one of the key enablers inproviding a diverse set of services to the Fifth Generation (5G) users. Thoughthe 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) 5G standard defines a common coresupporting multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs), Radio Access Network(RAN) level decisions are taken separately across individual RATs as theexisting 5G architecture lacks a unified control and management framework for amulti-RAT network. A unified access network is likely to utilize RAN resourcesmore efficiently and provide an improved performance. To bridge these gaps, wepresent an OpenFlow based RAN architecture comprising multiple RATs. We referto it as \textit{5G-Flow}. With minimal changes in the 3GPP 5G RAN and none inthe core network, we are able to realize a unified and integrated multi-access5G-Flow RAN. We simplify the existing 3GPP 5G RAN by replacing RAN nodes withOpenFlow switches and a Software-Defined Networking (SDN) controller. Moreover,a UE in the 5G-Flow network can use 5G RAN to connect to any core network (4Gor 5G) or directly connect to Internet without going via the core network. Wealso present a simple method to realize 5G non-standalone architecture using5G-Flow RAN. We have developed an evaluation platform to compare theperformance of our architecture with the standard 3GPP 5G network. Resultsdemonstrate significant gains in the network performance of 5G-Flow RANarchitecture over the existing 3GPP 5G network.

5G-Flow: Flexible and Efficient 5G RAN Architecture Using OpenFlow