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We use angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to investigate thecoupling of electron quantum well states (QWS) in epitaxial thin Pb and Agfilms. More specifically, we investigate the Ag/Si, Pb/Si, and Pb/Ag/Sisystems. We found that the parallel momentum plays a very profound roledetermining how two adjacent quantum wells are coupled electronically acrossthe interface. We revealed that in the Pb/Ag bimetallic system, there exist twodistinctly different regimes in the energy versus momentum (E vs. k) space. Inone regime the electronic states in Ag and Pb are strongly coupled resulting ina new set of quantum well states for the bi-metallic system. In the otherregime the electronic states in individual metallic layers are retained intheir respective regions, as if they are totally decoupled. This result iscorroborated by calculations using density functional theory. We furtherunravel the underlying mechanism associated with the electron refraction andtotal internal reflection across the interface.

Critical role of parallel momentum in quantum well state couplings in multi-stacked nanofilms: an angle resolved photoemission study