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Thermal energy storage (TES) is increasingly recognized as an essentialcomponent of efficient Combined Heat and Power (CHP), Concentrated Solar Power(CSP), Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), and refrigeration as itreduces peak demand while helping to manage intermittent availability of energy(e.g., from solar or wind). Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage (LHTES) is aviable option because of its high energy storage density. Parametric analysisof LHTES heat exchangers have been focused on obtaining data with laminar flowin the phase changing fluid and then fitting a functional form, such as a powerlaw or polynomial, to those data. Alternatively, in this paper we present aparametric framework to analyze LHTES devices by identifying all relevant fluidparameters and corresponding dimensionless numbers. We present 64 simulationsof an LHTES device using the finite volume method at four values of theGrashof, Prandtl and Reynolds numbers in the phase change material (PCM) andheat transfer fluid (HTF). We observe that with sufficient energy available inthe HTF, the effects of the HTF Reynolds number and Prandtl number on the heattransfer rate are negligible. Under these conditions, we propose a time scalefor the variation of energy stored (or melt fraction) of the LHTES device basedon the Fourier number($Fo$), Grashof number($Gr_p$) and Prandtl number($Pr_p$)and observe a $Gr_p^1$ and $Pr_p^{(1/3)}$ dependency. We also identify twodistinct regions in the variation of the melt fraction with time, namely, thelinear and the asymptotic region. We also predict the critical value of themelt fraction at the transition between the two regions. From these analyses,we draw some conclusions regarding the design procedure for LHTES devices.

A Physics-based Scaling of the Charging Rate in Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Devices