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The multi-UAV network is promising to extend conventional networks byproviding broader coverage and better reliability. Nevertheless, the broadcastnature of wireless signals and the broader coverage expose multi-UAVcommunications to the threats of passive eavesdroppers. Recent studies mainlyfocus on securing a single legitimate link, or communications between a UAV andmultiple ground users in one/two-UAV-aided networks, while the physical layersecrecy analysis for hierarchical multi-UAV networks is underexplored. In thispaper, we investigate a general two-tier UAV network consisting of multiple UAVtransmitters (UTs) and multiple UAV receivers (URs) in the presence of multipleUAV eavesdroppers (UEs). To protect all legitimate UT-UR links against UEs atthe physical layer, we design a two-stage framework consisting of a UT-URassociation stage and a cooperative transmission stage. Specifically, weformulate the secure transmission problem into a many-to-one matching gamefollowed by an overlapping coalition formation (OCF) game, taking into accountthe limited capabilities and the throughput requirements of URs, as well as thetransmission power constraints of UTs. A matching algorithm and an OCFalgorithm are proposed to solve these two sequential games whose convergencesand stabilities are guaranteed theoretically. Simulation results show thesuperiority of our algorithms and the effectiveness of our two-stage gameframework in the terms of secrecy performance.

A Two-stage Game Framework to Secure Transmission in Two-Tier UAV Networks