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Mental health problems among the global population are worsened during thecoronavirus disease (COVID-19). How individuals engage with online platformssuch as Google Search and YouTube undergoes drastic shifts due to pandemic andsubsequent lockdowns. Such ubiquitous daily behaviors on online platforms havethe potential to capture and correlate with clinically alarming deteriorationsin mental health profiles in a non-invasive manner. The goal of this study isto examine, among college students, the relationship between deterioratingmental health conditions and changes in user behaviors when engaging withGoogle Search and YouTube during COVID-19. This study recruited a cohort of 49students from a U.S. college campus during January 2020 (prior to the pandemic)and measured the anxiety and depression levels of each participant. This studyfollowed up with the same cohort during May 2020 (during the pandemic), and theanxiety and depression levels were assessed again. The longitudinal GoogleSearch and YouTube history data were anonymized and collected. Fromindividual-level Google Search and YouTube histories, we developed 5 signalsthat can quantify shifts in online behaviors during the pandemic. We thenassessed the differences between groups with and without deteriorating mentalhealth profiles in terms of these features. Significant features includedlate-night online activities, continuous usages, and time away from theinternet, porn consumptions, and keywords associated with negative emotions,social activities, and personal affairs. Though further studies are required,our results demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing pervasive online data toestablish non-invasive surveillance systems for mental health conditions thatbypasses many disadvantages of existing screening methods.

The Relationship between Deteriorating Mental Health Conditions and  Longitudinal Behavioral Changes in Google and YouTube Usages among College  Students in the United States during COVID-19: Observational Study